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Inside Bitcoin

The code behind the network, with room to understand it.

Stable release v32.1bitcoin/bitcoin · f0de87f04062 ↗3,020 source files · 47.5 MB stored on the server440 file guides

Release published 2026-10-28 · Snapshot fetched 2026-11-01. Latest stable release at fetch time; development branches and Git history are excluded. Only the selected code window and visible folders load here.

bitcoin / bitcoinstable

Find a file

▤ lint_cpp.rs

▤ lint_docs.rs

▤ lint_repo_hygiene.rs

▤ lint_text_format.rs

▤ check-doc.py

▤ commit-script-check.sh

▤ git-subtree-check.sh

▤ lint_ignore_dirs.py

▤ lint-circular-dependencies.py

▤ lint-files.py

▤ lint-include-guards.py

▤ lint-includes.py

▤ lint-locale-dependence.py

▤ lint-python.py

▤ lint-qt-translation.py

▤ lint-shell-locale.py

▤ lint-shell.py

▤ lint-submodule.py

▤ lint-tests.py

sanitizer_suppressions

▤ CMakeLists.txt

▤ config.ini.in

▤ download_utils.py

▤ get_previous_releases.py

▤ .editorconfig

▤ .gitattributes

▤ .python-version

▤ .style.yapf

▤ CMakeLists.txtGuide

▤ CMakePresets.json

▤ CONTRIBUTING.md

▤ COPYINGGuide

▤ CTestConfig.cmake

▤ libbitcoinkernel.pc.in

▤ README.mdGuide

▤ SECURITY.md

bitcoin / test / lint / test_runner / src / lint_cpp.rs

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6,372 bytes · SHA-256 cf1192b6ebc6d894… · View upstream ↗

1// Copyright (c) The Bitcoin Core developers
2// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
3// file COPYING or https://opensource.org/license/mit/.
4
5use std::process::Command;
6
7use crate::util::{check_output, get_pathspecs_default_excludes, git, LintResult};
8
9pub fn lint_includes_build_config() -> LintResult {
10    let config_path = "./cmake/bitcoin-build-config.h.in";
11    let defines_regex = format!(
12        r"^\s*(?!//).*({})",
13        check_output(Command::new("grep").args(["define", "--", config_path]))
14            .expect("grep failed")
15            .lines()
16            .map(|line| {
17                line.split_whitespace()
18                    .nth(1)
19                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("Could not extract name in line: {line}"))
20            })
21            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
22            .join("|")
23    );
24    let print_affected_files = |mode: bool| {
25        // * mode==true: Print files which use the define, but lack the include
26        // * mode==false: Print files which lack the define, but use the include
27        let defines_files = check_output(
28            git()
29                .args([
30                    "grep",
31                    "--perl-regexp",
32                    if mode {
33                        "--files-with-matches"
34                    } else {
35                        "--files-without-match"
36                    },
37                    &defines_regex,
38                    "--",
39                    "*.cpp",
40                    "*.h",
41                ])
42                .args(get_pathspecs_default_excludes()),
43        )
44        .expect("grep failed");
45        git()
46            .args([
47                "grep",
48                if mode {
49                    "--files-without-match"
50                } else {
51                    "--files-with-matches"
52                },
53                if mode {
54                    "^#include <bitcoin-build-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep$"
55                } else {
56                    "#include <bitcoin-build-config.h>" // Catch redundant includes with and without the IWYU pragma
57                },
58                "--",
59            ])
60            .args(defines_files.lines())
61            .status()
62            .expect("command error")
63            .success()
64    };
65    let missing = print_affected_files(true);
66    if missing {
67        return Err(format!(
68            r#"
69One or more files use a symbol declared in the bitcoin-build-config.h header. However, they are not
70including the header. This is problematic, because the header may or may not be indirectly
71included. If the indirect include were to be intentionally or accidentally removed, the build could
72still succeed, but silently be buggy. For example, a slower fallback algorithm could be picked,
73even though bitcoin-build-config.h indicates that a faster feature is available and should be used.
74
75If you are unsure which symbol is used, you can find it with this command:
76git grep --perl-regexp '{defines_regex}' -- file_name
77
78Make sure to include it with the IWYU pragma. Otherwise, IWYU may falsely instruct to remove the
79include again.
80
81#include <bitcoin-build-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep
82            "#
83        )
84        .trim()
85        .to_string());
86    }
87    let redundant = print_affected_files(false);
88    if redundant {
89        return Err(r#"
90None of the files use a symbol declared in the bitcoin-build-config.h header. However, they are including
91the header. Consider removing the unused include.
92            "#
93        .to_string());
94    }
95    Ok(())
96}
97
98pub fn lint_std_filesystem() -> LintResult {
99    let found = git()
100        .args([
101            "grep",
102            "--line-number",
103            "std::filesystem",
104            "--",
105            "./src/",
106            ":(exclude)src/ipc/libmultiprocess/",
107            ":(exclude)src/util/fs.h",
108            ":(exclude)src/bitcoin-chainstate.cpp",
109        ])
110        .status()
111        .expect("command error")
112        .success();
113    if found {
114        Err(r#"
115Direct use of std::filesystem may be dangerous and buggy. Please include <util/fs.h> and use the
116fs:: namespace, which has unsafe filesystem functions marked as deleted.
117            "#
118        .trim()
119        .to_string())
120    } else {
121        Ok(())
122    }
123}
124
125pub fn lint_remove_all() -> LintResult {
126    let found = git()
127        .args([
128            "grep",
129            "--line-number",
130            "remove_all(.*)",
131            "--",
132            "./src/",
133            // These are likely not avoidable.
134            ":(exclude)src/test/kernel/test_kernel.cpp",
135            ":(exclude)src/test/util/setup_common.cpp",
136        ])
137        .status()
138        .expect("command error")
139        .success();
140    if found {
141        Err(r#"
142Use of fs::remove_all or std::filesystem::remove_all is dangerous and should be avoided. If removal
143is required, prefer fs::remove.
144            "#
145        .trim()
146        .to_string())
147    } else {
148        Ok(())
149    }
150}
151
152pub fn lint_rpc_assert() -> LintResult {
153    let found = git()
154        .args([
155            "grep",
156            "--line-number",
157            "--extended-regexp",
158            r"\<(A|a)ss(ume|ert)\(",
159            "--",
160            "src/rpc/",
161            "src/wallet/rpc*",
162            ":(exclude)src/rpc/server.cpp",
163            // src/rpc/server.cpp is excluded from this check since it's mostly meta-code.
164        ])
165        .status()
166        .expect("command error")
167        .success();
168    if found {
169        Err(r#"
170CHECK_NONFATAL(condition) or NONFATAL_UNREACHABLE should be used instead of assert for RPC code.
171
172Aborting the whole process is undesirable for RPC code. So nonfatal
173checks should be used over assert. See: src/util/check.h
174            "#
175        .trim()
176        .to_string())
177    } else {
178        Ok(())
179    }
180}
181
182pub fn lint_boost_assert() -> LintResult {
183    let found = git()
184        .args([
185            "grep",
186            "--line-number",
187            "--extended-regexp",
188            r"BOOST_ASSERT\(",
189            "--",
190            "*.cpp",
191            "*.h",
192        ])
193        .status()
194        .expect("command error")
195        .success();
196    if found {
197        Err(r#"
198BOOST_ASSERT must be replaced with Assert, BOOST_REQUIRE, or BOOST_CHECK to avoid an unnecessary
199include of the boost/assert.hpp dependency.
200            "#
201        .trim()
202        .to_string())
203    } else {
204        Ok(())
205    }
206}
207

A READING COMPANION

Source available. Guide coming next.

This file is included in the stable source snapshot. A file-specific guide has not been published yet.

440 guided files · 2,580 pending. Guides cover key sections, not every line.

cmake/bitcoin-build-config.h.in src/consensus/amount.h src/consensus/consensus.h src/primitives/block.h src/primitives/transaction.h src/crypto/sha256.h src/util/moneystr.h src/clientversion.h src/uint256.h src/script/script.h src/policy/policy.h CMakeLists.txt README.md COPYING src/consensus/tx_check.cpp src/consensus/tx_verify.cpp src/consensus/merkle.cpp src/pow.cpp src/validation.cpp src/script/interpreter.cpp src/script/solver.cpp src/script/sign.cpp src/key_io.cpp src/net.cpp src/net_processing.cpp src/netaddress.cpp src/protocol.h src/wallet/wallet.cpp src/wallet/spend.cpp

Code page 1

src/wallet/receive.cpp

src/wallet/coinselection.cpp

src/wallet/fees.cpp

src/wallet/load.cpp

src/txmempool.cpp

src/node/miner.cpp

src/chainparams.cpp

src/consensus/validation.h

src/primitives/transaction.cpp

src/script/descriptor.cpp

src/bitcoin-cli.cpp

src/rpc/blockchain.cpp

src/rpc/rawtransaction.cpp

src/crypto/sha256.cpp

src/serialize.h

src/consensus/merkle.h

src/consensus/tx_check.h

src/consensus/tx_verify.h

src/policy/feerate.h

src/policy/feerate.cpp

src/primitives/transaction_identifier.h

src/chainparamsbase.h

src/chainparamsbase.cpp

src/util/moneystr.cpp

src/crypto/ripemd160.h

src/crypto/sha1.h

src/crypto/sha512.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha256.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha512.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha256.cpp

src/crypto/hmac_sha512.cpp

src/crypto/hkdf_sha256_32.h

src/crypto/hkdf_sha256_32.cpp

src/support/cleanse.h

src/support/cleanse.cpp

src/arith_uint256.h

src/blockencodings.h

src/blockfilter.h

src/crypto/siphash.h

src/crypto/siphash.cpp

src/crypto/muhash.h

src/crypto/chacha20.h

src/crypto/poly1305.h

src/crypto/chacha20poly1305.h

src/crypto/chacha20poly1305.cpp

src/compressor.h

src/compressor.cpp

src/flatfile.cpp

src/dbwrapper.h

src/util/chaintype.h

src/util/chaintype.cpp

src/scheduler.h

src/scheduler.cpp

src/checkqueue.h

src/threadsafety.h

src/util/obfuscation.h

src/util/byte_units.h

src/util/overflow.h

src/blockencodings.cpp

src/blockfilter.cpp

src/merkleblock.cpp

src/merkleblock.h

src/addrman.cpp

src/netgroup.cpp

src/net_permissions.cpp

src/netbase.cpp

src/torcontrol.cpp

src/net_types.h

src/net_types.cpp

src/policy/packages.cpp

src/policy/rbf.cpp

src/policy/truc_policy.cpp

src/policy/ephemeral_policy.cpp

src/policy/settings.cpp

src/policy/policy.cpp

src/node/transaction.cpp

src/node/coin.cpp

src/rpc/client.cpp

src/rpc/external_signer.cpp

src/rpc/request.cpp

src/rpc/server_util.cpp

src/rpc/fees.cpp

src/rpc/output_script.cpp

src/rpc/rawtransaction_util.cpp

src/rpc/server.cpp

src/rpc/mempool.cpp

src/rpc/mining.cpp

src/rpc/net.cpp

src/rpc/node.cpp

src/rpc/blockchain.h

src/rpc/client.h

src/rpc/mempool.h

src/rpc/mining.h

src/rpc/rawtransaction_util.h

src/rpc/register.h

src/rpc/request.h

src/rpc/server_util.h

src/rpc/protocol.h

src/rpc/server.h

src/rpc/signmessage.cpp

src/rpc/txoutproof.cpp

src/rpc/util.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/addresses.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/backup.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/coins.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/encrypt.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/signmessage.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/util.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/util.h

src/wallet/coincontrol.cpp

src/wallet/coincontrol.h

src/wallet/context.cpp

src/wallet/context.h

src/wallet/crypter.cpp

src/wallet/crypter.h

src/wallet/db.cpp

src/wallet/export.cpp

src/wallet/external_signer_scriptpubkeyman.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/spend.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/transactions.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp

src/wallet/feebumper.cpp

src/wallet/feebumper.h

src/index/base.h

src/index/base.cpp

src/index/txindex.h

src/index/txindex.cpp

src/index/txindex_key.h

src/index/txospenderindex.h

src/index/txospenderindex.cpp

src/index/blockfilterindex.h

src/index/blockfilterindex.cpp

src/index/coinstatsindex.h

src/index/coinstatsindex.cpp

src/index/db_key.h

src/index/disktxpos.h

src/kernel/chain.cpp

src/kernel/chain.h

src/kernel/checks.cpp

src/kernel/checks.h

src/kernel/context.cpp

src/kernel/context.h

src/kernel/cs_main.cpp

src/kernel/cs_main.h

src/kernel/disconnected_transactions.cpp

src/kernel/disconnected_transactions.h

src/kernel/mempool_removal_reason.cpp

src/kernel/mempool_removal_reason.h

src/kernel/coinstats.cpp

src/kernel/coinstats.h

src/kernel/chainparams.cpp

src/kernel/chainparams.h

src/wallet/sqlite.cpp

src/wallet/sqlite.h

src/wallet/transaction.cpp

src/wallet/transaction.h

src/wallet/dump.cpp

src/wallet/dump.h

src/wallet/init.cpp

src/wallet/walletutil.cpp

src/wallet/walletutil.h

src/wallet/wallettool.cpp

src/wallet/wallettool.h

src/wallet/export.h

src/wallet/migrate.cpp

src/wallet/migrate.h

src/wallet/db.h

src/wallet/walletdb.cpp

src/wallet/interfaces.cpp

src/wallet/scriptpubkeyman.cpp

src/wallet/scriptpubkeyman.h

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel.cpp

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel.h

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel_wrapper.h

src/node/abort.cpp

src/node/abort.h

src/node/caches.cpp

src/node/caches.h

src/kernel/caches.h

src/node/chainstate.cpp

src/node/chainstate.h

src/node/blockstorage.cpp

src/node/blockstorage.h

src/node/mempool_persist.cpp

src/node/mempool_persist.h

src/node/utxo_snapshot.cpp

src/node/utxo_snapshot.h

src/node/kernel_notifications.cpp

src/node/kernel_notifications.h

src/node/blockmanager_args.cpp

src/kernel/blockmanager_opts.h

src/util/expected.cpp

src/policy/settings.h

src/util/types.h

src/kernel/messagestartchars.h

src/kernel/warning.h

src/util/exception.h

src/common/license_info.h

src/node/coins_view_args.h

src/node/database_args.h

src/util/batchpriority.h

src/util/ui_change_type.h

src/node/coins_view_args.cpp

src/node/peerman_args.h

src/util/serfloat.h

src/node/blockmanager_args.h

src/node/database_args.cpp

src/util/overloaded.h

src/util/rbf.cpp

src/util/thread.h

src/common/netif.h

src/common/url.h

src/interfaces/types.h

src/node/chainstatemanager_args.h

src/node/minisketchwrapper.h

src/util/macros.h

src/util/syserror.h

src/common/run_command.h

src/util/bytevectorhash.cpp

src/node/mempool_persist_args.cpp

src/util/exec.h

src/crypto/hex_base.h

src/node/mempool_persist_args.h

src/interfaces/echo.h

src/util/batchpriority.cpp

src/util/threadnames.h

src/node/coin.h

src/node/mempool_args.h

src/util/asmap.h

src/util/bytevectorhash.h

src/node/context.cpp

src/util/insert.h

src/util/readwritefile.h

src/util/thread.cpp

src/kernel/types.h

src/interfaces/rpc.h

src/util/fees.cpp

src/node/peerman_args.cpp

src/node/interface_ui.cpp

src/interfaces/handler.h

src/node/mining_args.h

src/util/hasher.cpp

src/common/init.h

src/kernel/mempool_limits.h

src/common/system.h

src/crypto/sha3.h

src/util/threadinterrupt.cpp

src/node/protocol_version.h

src/util/exception.cpp

src/common/messages.h

src/node/connection_types.cpp

src/util/bip32.h

src/common/license_info.cpp

src/util/stdmutex.h

src/common/run_command.cpp

src/util/check.cpp

src/util/golombrice.h

src/node/types.h

src/node/timeoffsets.h

src/util/readwritefile.cpp

src/util/fastrange.h

src/util/signalinterrupt.h

src/util/task_runner.h

src/util/syserror.cpp

src/common/interfaces.cpp

src/common/types.h

src/util/threadinterrupt.h

src/kernel/chainstatemanager_opts.h

src/node/psbt.h

src/policy/ephemeral_policy.h

src/util/trace.h

src/common/url.cpp

src/kernel/mempool_options.h

src/util/serfloat.cpp

src/kernel/notifications_interface.h

src/node/timeoffsets.cpp

src/node/warnings.cpp

src/util/hash_type.h

src/crypto/hex_base.cpp

src/node/eviction.h

src/util/tokenbucket.h

src/crypto/aes.h

src/common/pcp.h

src/util/feefrac.cpp

src/node/transaction.h

src/util/threadnames.cpp

src/common/signmessage.h

src/util/exec.cpp

src/util/signalinterrupt.cpp

src/attributes.h

src/chainparams.h

src/clientversion.cpp

src/common/signmessage.cpp

src/compat/assumptions.h

src/compat/byteswap.h

src/compat/cpuid.h

src/compat/endian.h

src/compat/stdin.cpp

src/compat/stdin.h

src/core_memusage.h

src/crypto/common.h

src/deploymentinfo.cpp

src/deploymentinfo.h

src/deploymentstatus.cpp

src/deploymentstatus.h

src/dummywallet.cpp

src/external_signer.h

src/indirectmap.h

src/init/basic.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-gui.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-node.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-qt.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-wallet.cpp

src/init/bitcoind.cpp

src/init/common.h

src/interfaces/init.h

src/interfaces/ipc.h

src/logging/categories.h

src/logging/timer.h

src/net_permissions.h

src/netmessagemaker.h

src/node/chainstatemanager_args.cpp

src/node/connection_types.h

src/node/context.h

src/node/interface_ui.h

src/node/mempool_args.cpp

src/node/mining_args.cpp

src/node/minisketchwrapper.cpp

src/node/txreconciliation.h

src/node/warnings.h

src/outputtype.cpp

src/outputtype.h

src/policy/fees/estimator_args.cpp

src/policy/fees/estimator_args.h

src/policy/fees/estimator_man.cpp

src/policy/fees/estimator_man.h

src/policy/packages.h

src/policy/rbf.h

src/policy/truc_policy.h

src/primitives/block.cpp

src/randomenv.h

src/script/keyorigin.h

src/script/parsing.cpp

src/script/parsing.h

src/script/script_error.h

src/script/sigcache.cpp

src/script/sigcache.h

src/script/solver.h

src/script/verify_flags.h

src/semaphore_grant.h

src/support/allocators/secure.h

src/support/allocators/zeroafterfree.h

src/uint256.cpp

src/util/bip32.cpp

src/util/fees.h

src/util/fs.cpp

src/util/result.h

src/util/string.cpp

src/util/tokenpipe.cpp

src/util/translation.h

src/util/vector.h

src/versionbits.h

src/versionbits_impl.h

src/wallet/external_signer_scriptpubkeyman.h

src/wallet/fees.h

src/wallet/load.h

src/wallet/receive.h

src/wallet/rpc/wallet.h

src/wallet/types.h

src/walletinitinterface.h

src/zmq/zmqabstractnotifier.cpp

Independent explanations by MyBitcoinExplorer. Not affiliated with or endorsed by Bitcoin Core. Guides are educational and do not replace the source or its tests.

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