READ THE CODE

Inside Bitcoin

The code behind the network, with room to understand it.

Stable release v32.1bitcoin/bitcoin · f0de87f04062 ↗3,020 source files · 47.5 MB stored on the server440 file guides

Release published 2026-10-28 · Snapshot fetched 2026-11-01. Latest stable release at fetch time; development branches and Git history are excluded. Only the selected code window and visible folders load here.

29,764 bytes · SHA-256 80e2c0095ac2ac5d… · View upstream ↗

1#!/usr/bin/env python3
2# Copyright (c) 2021-present The Bitcoin Core developers
3# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5"""RPCs that handle raw transaction packages."""
6
7from decimal import Decimal
8import random
9
10from test_framework.blocktools import COINBASE_MATURITY
11from test_framework.mempool_util import (
12    fill_mempool,
13)
14from test_framework.messages import (
15    MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE,
16    tx_from_hex,
17)
18from test_framework.p2p import P2PTxInvStore
19from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
20from test_framework.util import (
21    assert_equal,
22    assert_fee_amount,
23    assert_raises_rpc_error,
24)
25from test_framework.wallet import (
26    COIN,
27    DEFAULT_FEE,
28    MiniWallet,
29)
30
31
32MAX_PACKAGE_COUNT = 25
33
34
35class RPCPackagesTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
36    def set_test_params(self):
37        self.num_nodes = 1
38        self.setup_clean_chain = True
39        # whitelist peers to speed up tx relay / mempool sync
40        self.noban_tx_relay = True
41
42    def assert_testres_equal(self, package_hex, testres_expected):
43        """Shuffle package_hex and assert that the testmempoolaccept result matches testres_expected. This should only
44        be used to test packages where the order does not matter. The ordering of transactions in package_hex and
45        testres_expected must match.
46        """
47        shuffled_indices = list(range(len(package_hex)))
48        random.shuffle(shuffled_indices)
49        shuffled_package = [package_hex[i] for i in shuffled_indices]
50        shuffled_testres = [testres_expected[i] for i in shuffled_indices]
51        assert_equal(shuffled_testres, self.nodes[0].testmempoolaccept(shuffled_package))
52
53    def run_test(self):
54        node = self.nodes[0]
55
56        # get an UTXO that requires signature to be spent
57        deterministic_address = node.get_deterministic_priv_key().address
58        blockhash = self.generatetoaddress(node, 1, deterministic_address)[0]
59        coinbase = node.getblock(blockhash=blockhash, verbosity=2)["tx"][0]
60        coin = {
61                "txid": coinbase["txid"],
62                "amount": coinbase["vout"][0]["value"],
63                "scriptPubKey": coinbase["vout"][0]["scriptPubKey"],
64                "vout": 0,
65                "height": 0
66            }
67
68        self.wallet = MiniWallet(self.nodes[0])
69        self.generate(self.wallet, COINBASE_MATURITY + 100)  # blocks generated for inputs
70
71        self.log.info("Create some transactions")
72        # Create some transactions that can be reused throughout the test. Never submit these to mempool.
73        self.independent_txns_hex = []
74        self.independent_txns_testres = []
75        for _ in range(3):
76            tx_hex = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=Decimal("0.0001"))["hex"]
77            testres = self.nodes[0].testmempoolaccept([tx_hex])
78            assert testres[0]["allowed"]
79            self.independent_txns_hex.append(tx_hex)
80            # testmempoolaccept returns a list of length one, avoid creating a 2D list
81            self.independent_txns_testres.append(testres[0])
82        self.independent_txns_testres_blank = [{
83            "txid": res["txid"], "wtxid": res["wtxid"]} for res in self.independent_txns_testres]
84
85        self.test_submitpackage_with_ancestors()
86        self.test_independent(coin)
87        self.test_chain()
88        self.test_multiple_children()
89        self.test_multiple_parents()
90        self.test_conflicting()
91        self.test_rbf()
92        self.test_submitpackage()
93        self.test_maxfeerate_submitpackage()
94        self.test_maxburn_submitpackage()
95
96    def test_independent(self, coin):
97        self.log.info("Test multiple independent transactions in a package")
98        node = self.nodes[0]
99        # For independent transactions, order doesn't matter.
100        self.assert_testres_equal(self.independent_txns_hex, self.independent_txns_testres)
101
102        self.log.info("Test an otherwise valid package with an extra garbage tx appended")
103        address = node.get_deterministic_priv_key().address
104        garbage_tx = node.createrawtransaction([{"txid": "00" * 32, "vout": 5}], {address: 1})
105        tx = tx_from_hex(garbage_tx)
106        # Only the txid and wtxids are returned because validation is incomplete for the independent txns.
107        # Package validation is atomic: if the node cannot find a UTXO for any single tx in the package,
108        # it terminates immediately to avoid unnecessary, expensive signature verification.
109        package_bad = self.independent_txns_hex + [garbage_tx]
110        testres_bad = self.independent_txns_testres_blank + [{"txid": tx.txid_hex, "wtxid": tx.wtxid_hex, "allowed": False, "reject-reason": "missing-inputs"}]
111        self.assert_testres_equal(package_bad, testres_bad)
112
113        self.log.info("Check testmempoolaccept tells us when some transactions completed validation successfully")
114        tx_bad_sig_hex = node.createrawtransaction([{"txid": coin["txid"], "vout": coin["vout"]}],
115                                           {address : coin["amount"] - Decimal("0.0001")})
116        tx_bad_sig = tx_from_hex(tx_bad_sig_hex)
117        testres_bad_sig = node.testmempoolaccept(self.independent_txns_hex + [tx_bad_sig_hex])
118        # By the time the signature for the last transaction is checked, all the other transactions
119        # have been fully validated, which is why the node returns full validation results for all
120        # transactions here but empty results in other cases.
121        tx_bad_sig_txid = tx_bad_sig.txid_hex
122        tx_bad_sig_wtxid = tx_bad_sig.wtxid_hex
123        assert_equal(testres_bad_sig, self.independent_txns_testres + [{
124            "txid": tx_bad_sig_txid,
125            "wtxid": tx_bad_sig_wtxid, "allowed": False,
126            "reject-reason": "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)",
127            "reject-details": "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size), " +
128                              f"input 0 of {tx_bad_sig_txid} (wtxid {tx_bad_sig_wtxid}), spending {coin['txid']}:{coin['vout']}"
129        }])
130
131        self.log.info("Check testmempoolaccept reports txns in packages that exceed max feerate")
132        tx_high_fee = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(fee=Decimal("0.999"))
133        testres_high_fee = node.testmempoolaccept([tx_high_fee["hex"]])
134        assert_equal(testres_high_fee, [
135            {"txid": tx_high_fee["txid"], "wtxid": tx_high_fee["wtxid"], "allowed": False, "reject-reason": "max-fee-exceeded"}
136        ])
137        package_high_fee = [tx_high_fee["hex"]] + self.independent_txns_hex
138        testres_package_high_fee = node.testmempoolaccept(package_high_fee)
139        assert_equal(testres_package_high_fee, testres_high_fee + self.independent_txns_testres_blank)
140
141    def test_chain(self):
142        node = self.nodes[0]
143
144        chain = self.wallet.create_self_transfer_chain(chain_length=25)
145        chain_hex = [t["hex"] for t in chain]
146        chain_txns = [t["tx"] for t in chain]
147
148        self.log.info("Check that testmempoolaccept requires packages to be sorted by dependency")
149        assert_equal(node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=chain_hex[::-1]),
150                [{"txid": tx.txid_hex, "wtxid": tx.wtxid_hex, "package-error": "package-not-sorted"} for tx in chain_txns[::-1]])
151
152        self.log.info("Testmempoolaccept a chain of 25 transactions")
153        testres_multiple = node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=chain_hex)
154
155        testres_single = []
156        # Test accept and then submit each one individually, which should be identical to package test accept
157        for rawtx in chain_hex:
158            testres = node.testmempoolaccept([rawtx])
159            testres_single.append(testres[0])
160            # Submit the transaction now so its child should have no problem validating
161            node.sendrawtransaction(rawtx)
162        assert_equal(testres_single, testres_multiple)
163
164        # Clean up by clearing the mempool
165        self.generate(node, 1)
166
167    def test_multiple_children(self):
168        node = self.nodes[0]
169        self.log.info("Testmempoolaccept a package in which a transaction has two children within the package")
170
171        parent_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer_multi(num_outputs=2)
172        assert node.testmempoolaccept([parent_tx["hex"]])[0]["allowed"]
173
174        # Child A
175        child_a_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=parent_tx["new_utxos"][0])
176        assert not node.testmempoolaccept([child_a_tx["hex"]])[0]["allowed"]
177
178        # Child B
179        child_b_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=parent_tx["new_utxos"][1])
180        assert not node.testmempoolaccept([child_b_tx["hex"]])[0]["allowed"]
181
182        self.log.info("Testmempoolaccept with entire package, should work with children in either order")
183        testres_multiple_ab = node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=[parent_tx["hex"], child_a_tx["hex"], child_b_tx["hex"]])
184        testres_multiple_ba = node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=[parent_tx["hex"], child_b_tx["hex"], child_a_tx["hex"]])
185        assert all([testres["allowed"] for testres in testres_multiple_ab + testres_multiple_ba])
186
187        testres_single = []
188        # Test accept and then submit each one individually, which should be identical to package testaccept
189        for rawtx in [parent_tx["hex"], child_a_tx["hex"], child_b_tx["hex"]]:
190            testres = node.testmempoolaccept([rawtx])
191            testres_single.append(testres[0])
192            # Submit the transaction now so its child should have no problem validating
193            node.sendrawtransaction(rawtx)
194        assert_equal(testres_single, testres_multiple_ab)
195
196    def test_multiple_parents(self):
197        node = self.nodes[0]
198        self.log.info("Testmempoolaccept a package in which a transaction has multiple parents within the package")
199
200        for num_parents in [2, 10, 24]:
201            # Test a package with num_parents parents and 1 child transaction.
202            parent_coins = []
203            package_hex = []
204
205            for _ in range(num_parents):
206                # Package accept should work with the parents in any order (as long as parents come before child)
207                parent_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer()
208                parent_coins.append(parent_tx["new_utxo"])
209                package_hex.append(parent_tx["hex"])
210
211            child_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer_multi(utxos_to_spend=parent_coins, fee_per_output=2000)
212            for _ in range(10):
213                random.shuffle(package_hex)
214                testres_multiple = node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=package_hex + [child_tx['hex']])
215                assert all([testres["allowed"] for testres in testres_multiple])
216
217            testres_single = []
218            # Test accept and then submit each one individually, which should be identical to package testaccept
219            for rawtx in package_hex + [child_tx["hex"]]:
220                testres_single.append(node.testmempoolaccept([rawtx])[0])
221                # Submit the transaction now so its child should have no problem validating
222                node.sendrawtransaction(rawtx)
223            assert_equal(testres_single, testres_multiple)
224
225    def test_conflicting(self):
226        node = self.nodes[0]
227        coin = self.wallet.get_utxo()
228
229        # tx1 and tx2 share the same inputs
230        tx1 = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=coin, fee_rate=DEFAULT_FEE)
231        tx2 = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=coin, fee_rate=2*DEFAULT_FEE)
232
233        # Ensure tx1 and tx2 are valid by themselves
234        assert node.testmempoolaccept([tx1["hex"]])[0]["allowed"]
235        assert node.testmempoolaccept([tx2["hex"]])[0]["allowed"]
236
237        self.log.info("Test duplicate transactions in the same package")
238        testres = node.testmempoolaccept([tx1["hex"], tx1["hex"]])
239        assert_equal(testres, [
240            {"txid": tx1["txid"], "wtxid": tx1["wtxid"], "package-error": "package-contains-duplicates"},
241            {"txid": tx1["txid"], "wtxid": tx1["wtxid"], "package-error": "package-contains-duplicates"}
242        ])
243
244        self.log.info("Test conflicting transactions in the same package")
245        testres = node.testmempoolaccept([tx1["hex"], tx2["hex"]])
246        assert_equal(testres, [
247            {"txid": tx1["txid"], "wtxid": tx1["wtxid"], "package-error": "conflict-in-package"},
248            {"txid": tx2["txid"], "wtxid": tx2["wtxid"], "package-error": "conflict-in-package"}
249        ])
250

src/wallet/receive.cpp

src/wallet/coinselection.cpp

src/consensus/validation.h

src/primitives/transaction.cpp

src/script/descriptor.cpp

src/bitcoin-cli.cpp

src/rpc/blockchain.cpp

src/rpc/rawtransaction.cpp

src/init.cpp

src/crypto/sha256.cpp

src/consensus/merkle.h

src/consensus/tx_check.h

src/consensus/tx_verify.h

src/policy/feerate.h

src/policy/feerate.cpp

src/primitives/transaction_identifier.h

src/chainparamsbase.h

src/chainparamsbase.cpp

src/util/moneystr.cpp

src/crypto/ripemd160.h

src/crypto/sha1.h

src/crypto/sha512.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha256.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha512.h

src/crypto/hmac_sha256.cpp

src/crypto/hmac_sha512.cpp

src/crypto/hkdf_sha256_32.h

src/crypto/hkdf_sha256_32.cpp

src/support/cleanse.h

src/support/cleanse.cpp

src/crypto/siphash.cpp

src/crypto/muhash.h

src/crypto/chacha20.h

src/crypto/poly1305.h

src/crypto/chacha20poly1305.h

src/crypto/chacha20poly1305.cpp

src/util/chaintype.cpp

src/util/obfuscation.h

src/util/byte_units.h

src/util/overflow.h

src/blockencodings.cpp

src/net_permissions.cpp

src/policy/packages.cpp

src/policy/rbf.cpp

src/policy/truc_policy.cpp

src/policy/ephemeral_policy.cpp

src/policy/settings.cpp

src/policy/policy.cpp

src/node/transaction.cpp

src/node/coin.cpp

src/rpc/client.cpp

src/rpc/external_signer.cpp

src/rpc/request.cpp

src/rpc/server_util.cpp

src/rpc/fees.cpp

src/rpc/output_script.cpp

src/rpc/rawtransaction_util.cpp

src/rpc/rawtransaction_util.h

src/rpc/register.h

src/rpc/request.h

src/rpc/server_util.h

src/rpc/protocol.h

src/rpc/server.h

src/rpc/signmessage.cpp

src/rpc/txoutproof.cpp

src/rpc/util.cpp

src/rpc/util.h

src/wallet/rpc/addresses.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/backup.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/coins.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/encrypt.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/signmessage.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/util.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/util.h

src/wallet/coincontrol.cpp

src/wallet/coincontrol.h

src/wallet/context.cpp

src/wallet/context.h

src/wallet/crypter.cpp

src/wallet/crypter.h

src/wallet/db.cpp

src/wallet/export.cpp

src/wallet/external_signer_scriptpubkeyman.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/spend.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/transactions.cpp

src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp

src/wallet/feebumper.cpp

src/wallet/feebumper.h

src/index/base.h

src/index/base.cpp

src/index/txindex.h

src/index/txindex.cpp

src/index/txindex_key.h

src/index/txospenderindex.h

src/index/txospenderindex.cpp

src/index/blockfilterindex.h

src/index/blockfilterindex.cpp

src/index/coinstatsindex.h

src/index/coinstatsindex.cpp

src/index/db_key.h

src/index/disktxpos.h

src/kernel/chain.cpp

src/kernel/chain.h

src/kernel/checks.cpp

src/kernel/checks.h

src/kernel/context.cpp

src/kernel/context.h

src/kernel/cs_main.cpp

src/kernel/cs_main.h

src/kernel/disconnected_transactions.cpp

src/kernel/disconnected_transactions.h

src/kernel/mempool_removal_reason.cpp

src/kernel/mempool_removal_reason.h

src/kernel/coinstats.cpp

src/kernel/coinstats.h

src/kernel/chainparams.cpp

src/kernel/chainparams.h

src/wallet/sqlite.cpp

src/wallet/sqlite.h

src/wallet/transaction.cpp

src/wallet/transaction.h

src/wallet/dump.cpp

src/wallet/dump.h

src/wallet/init.cpp

src/wallet/walletutil.cpp

src/wallet/walletutil.h

src/wallet/wallettool.cpp

src/wallet/wallettool.h

src/wallet/export.h

src/wallet/migrate.cpp

src/wallet/migrate.h

src/wallet/db.h

src/wallet/walletdb.cpp

src/wallet/interfaces.cpp

src/wallet/scriptpubkeyman.cpp

src/wallet/scriptpubkeyman.h

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel.cpp

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel.h

src/kernel/bitcoinkernel_wrapper.h

src/node/chainstate.cpp

src/node/chainstate.h

src/node/blockstorage.cpp

src/node/blockstorage.h

src/node/mempool_persist.cpp

src/node/mempool_persist.h

src/node/utxo_snapshot.cpp

src/node/utxo_snapshot.h

src/node/kernel_notifications.cpp

src/node/kernel_notifications.h

src/node/blockmanager_args.cpp

src/kernel/blockmanager_opts.h

src/util/expected.cpp

src/policy/settings.h

src/util/types.h

src/kernel/messagestartchars.h

src/kernel/warning.h

src/util/exception.h

src/common/license_info.h

src/node/coins_view_args.h

src/node/database_args.h

src/util/batchpriority.h

src/util/ui_change_type.h

src/node/coins_view_args.cpp

src/node/peerman_args.h

src/util/serfloat.h

src/node/blockmanager_args.h

src/node/database_args.cpp

src/util/overloaded.h

src/interfaces/types.h

src/node/chainstatemanager_args.h

src/node/minisketchwrapper.h

src/util/macros.h

src/util/syserror.h

src/common/run_command.h

src/util/bytevectorhash.cpp

src/node/mempool_persist_args.cpp

src/util/exec.h

src/util/rbf.h

src/crypto/hex_base.h

src/node/mempool_persist_args.h

src/interfaces/echo.h

src/util/any.h

src/util/batchpriority.cpp

src/util/threadnames.h

src/node/coin.h

src/node/mempool_args.h

src/util/asmap.h

src/util/bytevectorhash.h

src/node/context.cpp

src/util/insert.h

src/util/readwritefile.h

src/node/peerman_args.cpp

src/node/interface_ui.cpp

src/interfaces/handler.h

src/node/mining_args.h

src/util/hasher.cpp

src/common/init.h

src/kernel/mempool_limits.h

src/common/system.h

src/crypto/sha3.h

src/util/threadinterrupt.cpp

src/node/protocol_version.h

src/util/exception.cpp

src/common/messages.h

src/node/connection_types.cpp

src/util/bip32.h

src/common/license_info.cpp

src/util/stdmutex.h

src/common/run_command.cpp

src/util/check.cpp

src/util/golombrice.h

src/node/types.h

src/node/timeoffsets.h

src/util/readwritefile.cpp

src/util/fastrange.h

src/util/signalinterrupt.h

src/util/task_runner.h

src/util/syserror.cpp

src/common/interfaces.cpp

src/common/types.h

src/util/threadinterrupt.h

src/kernel/chainstatemanager_opts.h

src/node/psbt.h

src/policy/ephemeral_policy.h

src/util/trace.h

src/common/url.cpp

src/kernel/mempool_options.h

src/util/serfloat.cpp

src/kernel/notifications_interface.h

src/node/timeoffsets.cpp

src/node/warnings.cpp

src/util/hash_type.h

src/crypto/hex_base.cpp

src/node/eviction.h

src/util/tokenbucket.h

src/crypto/aes.h

src/common/pcp.h

src/util/feefrac.cpp

src/node/transaction.h

src/util/threadnames.cpp

src/common/signmessage.h

src/util/exec.cpp

src/util/signalinterrupt.cpp

src/clientversion.cpp

src/common/signmessage.cpp

src/compat/assumptions.h

src/compat/byteswap.h

src/deploymentinfo.cpp

src/deploymentinfo.h

src/deploymentstatus.cpp

src/deploymentstatus.h

src/dummywallet.cpp

src/external_signer.h

src/init/bitcoin-gui.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-node.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-qt.cpp

src/init/bitcoin-wallet.cpp

src/init/bitcoind.cpp

src/init/common.h

src/interfaces/init.h

src/interfaces/ipc.h

src/key_io.h

src/logging/categories.h

src/logging/timer.h

src/mapport.h

src/musig.h

src/net_permissions.h

src/netgroup.h

src/netmessagemaker.h

src/node/chainstatemanager_args.cpp

src/node/connection_types.h

src/node/context.h

src/node/interface_ui.h

src/node/mempool_args.cpp

src/node/mining_args.cpp

src/node/minisketchwrapper.cpp

src/node/txreconciliation.h

src/policy/fees/estimator_args.cpp

src/policy/fees/estimator_args.h

src/policy/fees/estimator_man.cpp

src/policy/fees/estimator_man.h

src/policy/packages.h

src/policy/rbf.h

src/policy/truc_policy.h

src/pow.h

src/primitives/block.cpp

src/randomenv.h

src/rest.h

src/script/keyorigin.h

src/script/parsing.cpp

src/script/parsing.h

src/script/script_error.h

src/script/sigcache.cpp

src/script/sigcache.h

src/script/solver.h

src/script/verify_flags.h

src/semaphore_grant.h

src/signet.h

src/span.h

src/support/allocators/secure.h

src/support/allocators/zeroafterfree.h

src/util/tokenpipe.cpp

src/util/translation.h

src/util/vector.h

src/versionbits.h

src/versionbits_impl.h

src/wallet/external_signer_scriptpubkeyman.h

src/wallet/fees.h

src/wallet/load.h

src/wallet/receive.h

src/wallet/rpc/wallet.h

src/wallet/types.h

src/walletinitinterface.h

src/zmq/zmqabstractnotifier.cpp

Independent explanations by MyBitcoinExplorer. Not affiliated with or endorsed by Bitcoin Core. Guides are educational and do not replace the source or its tests.

Bitcoin Core source © its contributors, distributed under the MIT license. Original notices and bundled third-party licenses are retained in the source tree.